Maven搭建Spring+Struts2+Hibernate项目详解
浏览数：53 /
时间：2015年06月08日
前言
这篇主要采用Maven搭建Spring+Struts2+Hibernate的整合项目，复习一下SSH框架，虽然spring提供自己的MVC框架，但是Spring也提供和其他框架的无缝整合，采用组件形式对个框架进行管理，项目实例是按照真实企业里面的开发搭建，也是web的最后一片了。数据库使用mysql，连接池使用的是Druid数据源（这些都无关紧要，可以随时的替换），下面就将详细的介绍一下Maven搭建Spring，Struts2，和hibernation的步奏。
1、数据库设计
数据库库表很简单，设计好数据库后，直接逆向生成实体，提高速度。数据库名为shop，只有一个表user_info。其结构如下：
2、创建Maven的webapp项目
创建maven项目，pom.xml配置中引入所需依赖包。
引入所需的依赖包，pom.xml内容如下：
<span style="font-size:14px;"> <project xmlns="http://maven.apache.org/POM/4.0.0" xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance"
xsi:schemaLocation="http://maven.apache.org/POM/4.0.0 http://maven.apache.org/maven-v4_0_0.xsd">
<modelVersion>4.0.0</modelVersion>
<groupId>org.andy.ssh</groupId>
<artifactId>spring_struts2_Hibernate_demo</artifactId>
<packaging>war</packaging>
<version>0.0.1-SNAPSHOT</version>
<name>spring_struts2_Hibernate_demo Maven Webapp</name>
<url>http://maven.apache.org</url>
<properties>
<project.build.sourceEncoding>UTF-8</project.build.sourceEncoding>
<spring.version>4.1.4.RELEASE</spring.version>
<hibernate.version>4.3.8.Final</hibernate.version>
<struts2.version>2.3.20</struts2.version>
<jackson.version>2.5.0</jackson.version>
</properties>
<dependencies>
<!-- junit -->
<dependency>
<groupId>junit</groupId>
<artifactId>junit</artifactId>
<version>4.12</version>
<scope>test</scope>
</dependency>
<!-- spring -->
<dependency>
<groupId>org.springframework</groupId>
<artifactId>spring-core</artifactId>
<version>${spring.version}</version>
</dependency>
<dependency>
<groupId>org.springframework</groupId>
<artifactId>spring-beans</artifactId>
<version>${spring.version}</version>
</dependency>
<dependency>
<groupId>org.springframework</groupId>
<artifactId>spring-context</artifactId>
<version>${spring.version}</version>
</dependency>
<dependency>
<groupId>org.springframework</groupId>
<artifactId>spring-tx</artifactId>
<version>${spring.version}</version>
</dependency>
<dependency>
<groupId>org.springframework</groupId>
<artifactId>spring-web</artifactId>
<version>${spring.version}</version>
</dependency>
<dependency>
<groupId>org.springframework</groupId>
<artifactId>spring-test</artifactId>
<version>${spring.version}</version>
<scope>provided</scope>
</dependency>
<!-- 关系型数据库整合时需配置 如hibernate jpa等 -->
<dependency>
<groupId>org.springframework</groupId>
<artifactId>spring-orm</artifactId>
<version>${spring.version}</version>
</dependency>
<!-- hibernate -->
<dependency>
<groupId>org.hibernate</groupId>
<artifactId>hibernate-core</artifactId>
<version>${hibernate.version}</version>
</dependency>
<dependency>
<groupId>org.hibernate</groupId>
<artifactId>hibernate-ehcache</artifactId>
<version>${hibernate.version}</version>
</dependency>
<!-- struts2 -->
<dependency>
<groupId>org.apache.struts</groupId>
<artifactId>struts2-core</artifactId>
<version>${struts2.version}</version>
<exclusions>
<exclusion>
<!-- Hibernate已经还有该包的依赖 -->
<artifactId>javassist</artifactId>
<groupId>javassist</groupId>
</exclusion>
</exclusions>
</dependency>
<dependency>
<groupId>org.apache.struts</groupId>
<artifactId>struts2-spring-plugin</artifactId>
<version>${struts2.version}</version>
</dependency>
<dependency>
<groupId>org.apache.struts</groupId>
<artifactId>struts2-convention-plugin</artifactId>
<version>${struts2.version}</version>
</dependency>
<!-- log4j -->
<dependency>
<groupId>log4j</groupId>
<artifactId>log4j</artifactId>
<version>1.2.17</version>
</dependency>
<!-- mysql连接 -->
<dependency>
<groupId>mysql</groupId>
<artifactId>mysql-connector-java</artifactId>
<version>5.1.34</version>
</dependency>
<!-- 数据源 druid -->
<dependency>
<groupId>com.alibaba</groupId>
<artifactId>druid</artifactId>
<version>1.0.12</version>
</dependency>
<!-- json -->
<dependency>
<groupId>com.alibaba</groupId>
<artifactId>fastjson</artifactId>
<version>1.2.3</version>
</dependency>
<dependency>
<groupId>com.fasterxml.jackson.core</groupId>
<artifactId>jackson-annotations</artifactId>
<version>${jackson.version}</version>
</dependency>
<dependency>
<groupId>com.fasterxml.jackson.core</groupId>
<artifactId>jackson-core</artifactId>
<version>${jackson.version}</version>
</dependency>
<dependency>
<groupId>com.fasterxml.jackson.core</groupId>
<artifactId>jackson-databind</artifactId>
<version>${jackson.version}</version>
</dependency>
<!-- aop -->
<dependency>
<groupId>org.aspectj</groupId>
<artifactId>aspectjweaver</artifactId>
<version>1.8.4</version>
</dependency>
<!-- servlet -->
<dependency>
<groupId>javax.servlet</groupId>
<artifactId>servlet-api</artifactId>
<version>3.0-alpha-1</version>
<scope>provided</scope>
</dependency>
<dependency>
<groupId>javax.servlet</groupId>
<artifactId>jstl</artifactId>
<version>1.2</version>
</dependency>
</dependencies>
<build>
<finalName>spring_struts2_Hibernate_demo</finalName>
<plugins>
<!-- Run the JUnit unit tests in an isolated classloader -->
<plugin>
<groupId>org.apache.maven.plugins</groupId>
<artifactId>maven-surefire-plugin</artifactId>
<version>2.4.2</version>
<configuration>
<skipTests>true</skipTests>
</configuration>
</plugin>
<plugin>
<groupId>org.apache.maven.plugins</groupId>
<artifactId>maven-war-plugin</artifactId>
<version>2.3</version>
<configuration>
<webXml>src/main/webapp/WEB-INF/web.xml</webXml>
</configuration>
</plugin>
<!-- generate java doc -->
<plugin>
<groupId>org.apache.maven.plugins</groupId>
<artifactId>maven-javadoc-plugin</artifactId>
<version>2.9.1</version>
<configuration>
<javadocDirectory>target/javadoc</javadocDirectory>
<reportOutputDirectory>target/javadoc</reportOutputDirectory>
<charset>UTF-8</charset>
<encoding>UTF-8</encoding>
<docencoding>UTF-8</docencoding>
<show>private</show>
</configuration>
</plugin>
<!-- 部署至本机 -->
<plugin>
<groupId>org.codehaus.cargo</groupId>
<artifactId>cargo-maven2-plugin</artifactId>
<version>1.0</version>
<configuration>
<container>
<containerId>tomcat6x</containerId>
<home>F:\apache-tomcat-7.0.27</home>
</container>
<configuration>
<type>existing</type>
<home>F:\apache-tomcat-7.0.27</home>
</configuration>
</configuration>
</plugin>
</plugins>
</build>
</project>
</span>以上就是ssh所需的所有依赖包。、
3、引入Spring
最优先引入的是Spring框架，他是管理其他框架的容器，spring中需要配置的是自动扫描的dao，和service层的注解，然后将其注入为bean，管理。
配置文件在src/main/java目录下，创建spring的配置文件spring.xml
<?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8"?> <beans xmlns="http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans" xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance" xmlns:context="http://www.springframework.org/schema/context" xsi:schemaLocation="http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans/spring-beans-4.1.xsd http://www.springframework.org/schema/context http://www.springframework.org/schema/context/spring-context-4.1.xsd"> <!-- 加载配置文件 --> <context:property-placeholder location="classpath:config.properties"/> <!-- 扫描service自动注入为bean --> <context:component-scan base-package="org.andy.shop.service.impl,org.andy.shop.dao.impl" /> </beans>
3.1、引入日志Log4j配置
log4j.properties配置内容如下：
### set log levels ###
log4j.rootLogger = INFO , C , D , E
### console ###
log4j.appender.C = org.apache.log4j.ConsoleAppender
log4j.appender.C.Target = System.out
log4j.appender.C.layout = org.apache.log4j.PatternLayout
log4j.appender.C.layout.ConversionPattern = [spring_struts2_Hibernate_demo][%p] [%-d{yyyy-MM-dd HH:mm:ss}] %C.%M(%L) | %m%n
### log file ###
log4j.appender.D = org.apache.log4j.DailyRollingFileAppender
log4j.appender.D.File = ../logs/spring_struts2_Hibernate_demo.log
log4j.appender.D.Append = true
log4j.appender.D.Threshold = INFO
log4j.appender.D.layout = org.apache.log4j.PatternLayout
log4j.appender.D.layout.ConversionPattern = [spring_struts2_Hibernate_demo][%p] [%-d{yyyy-MM-dd HH:mm:ss}] %C.%M(%L) | %m%n
### exception ###
log4j.appender.E = org.apache.log4j.DailyRollingFileAppender
log4j.appender.E.File = ../logs/spring_struts2_Hibernate_demo_error.log
log4j.appender.E.Append = true
log4j.appender.E.Threshold = ERROR
log4j.appender.E.layout = org.apache.log4j.PatternLayout
log4j.appender.E.layout.ConversionPattern = [spring_struts2_Hibernate_demo][%p] [%-d{yyyy-MM-dd HH:mm:ss}] %C.%M(%L) | %m%n
3.2、项目配置文件
添加项目的配置文件config.properties，有spring管理。
#application configs #jdbc druid config validationQuery = SELECT 1 jdbc.url = jdbc:mysql://localhost:3306/shop?useUnicode=true&characterEncoding=utf-8 jdbc.username = root jdbc.password = root #hibernate config hibernate.dialect = org.hibernate.dialect.MySQLDialect hibernate.show_sql = true hibernate.format_sql = false hibernate.hbm2ddl.auto = update
4、引入Hibernation
Hibernation的配置主要有如下内容：数据源，SessionFactory，事务等的配置。
spring-hibernate.xml配置如下（配置文件名可以随便起）
<?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8"?>
<beans xmlns="http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans"
xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance" xmlns:tx="http://www.springframework.org/schema/tx"
xmlns:aop="http://www.springframework.org/schema/aop"
xsi:schemaLocation="
http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans
http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans/spring-beans-4.1.xsd
http://www.springframework.org/schema/tx
http://www.springframework.org/schema/tx/spring-tx-4.1.xsd
http://www.springframework.org/schema/aop
http://www.springframework.org/schema/aop/spring-aop-4.1.xsd">
<!-- 配置数据源 使用的是Druid数据源 -->
<bean name="dataSource" class="com.alibaba.druid.pool.DruidDataSource"
init-method="init" destroy-method="close">
<property name="url" value="${jdbc.url}" />
<property name="username" value="${jdbc.username}" />
<property name="password" value="${jdbc.password}" />
<!-- 初始化连接大小 -->
<property name="initialSize" value="0" />
<!-- 连接池最大使用连接数量 -->
<property name="maxActive" value="20" />
<!-- 连接池最小空闲 -->
<property name="minIdle" value="0" />
<!-- 获取连接最大等待时间 -->
<property name="maxWait" value="60000" />
<property name="poolPreparedStatements" value="true" />
<property name="maxPoolPreparedStatementPerConnectionSize"
value="33" />
<!-- 用来检测有效sql -->
<property name="validationQuery" value="${validationQuery}" />
<property name="testOnBorrow" value="false" />
<property name="testOnReturn" value="false" />
<property name="testWhileIdle" value="true" />
<!-- 配置间隔多久才进行一次检测，检测需要关闭的空闲连接，单位是毫秒 -->
<property name="timeBetweenEvictionRunsMillis" value="60000" />
<!-- 配置一个连接在池中最小生存的时间，单位是毫秒 -->
<property name="minEvictableIdleTimeMillis" value="25200000" />
<!-- 打开removeAbandoned功能 -->
<property name="removeAbandoned" value="true" />
<!-- 1800秒，也就是30分钟 -->
<property name="removeAbandonedTimeout" value="1800" />
<!-- 关闭abanded连接时输出错误日志 -->
<property name="logAbandoned" value="true" />
<!-- 监控数据库 -->
<property name="filters" value="mergeStat" />
</bean>
<!-- 配置hibernate的SessionFactory -->
<bean id="sessionFactory"
class="org.springframework.orm.hibernate4.LocalSessionFactoryBean">
<!-- 注入数据源 相关信息看源码 -->
<property name="dataSource" ref="dataSource" />
<!-- hibernate配置信息 -->
<property name="hibernateProperties">
<props>
<prop key="hibernate.dialect">${hibernate.dialect}</prop>
<prop key="hibernate.show_sql">${hibernate.show_sql}</prop>
<prop key="hibernate.format_sql">${hibernate.format_sql}</prop>
<prop key="hibernate.hbm2ddl.auto">${hibernate.hbm2ddl.auto}</prop>
</props>
</property>
<!-- 扫描hibernate注解配置的entity -->
<property name="packagesToScan" value="org.andy.shop.entity" />
</bean>
<!-- 配置事务管理器 -->
<bean id="transactionManager"
class="org.springframework.orm.hibernate4.HibernateTransactionManager">
<property name="sessionFactory" ref="sessionFactory" />
</bean>
<!-- 配置事务增强处理Bean，指定事务管理器 -->
<tx:advice id="transactionAdvice" transaction-manager="transactionManager">
<!-- 配置详细事务处理语义 -->
<tx:attributes>
<tx:method name="insert*" propagation="REQUIRED" />
<tx:method name="update*" propagation="REQUIRED" />
<tx:method name="delete*" propagation="REQUIRED" />
<tx:method name="get*" propagation="SUPPORTS" read-only="true" />
<tx:method name="find*" propagation="SUPPORTS" read-only="true" />
<tx:method name="select*" propagation="SUPPORTS" read-only="true" />
<tx:method name="load*" propagation="SUPPORTS" read-only="true" />
<!-- 其他采用默认事务方式 -->
<tx:method name="*" />
</tx:attributes>
</tx:advice>
<!-- Spring aop事务管理 -->
<aop:config>
<!-- 配置切入点 -->
<aop:pointcut id="transactionPointcut"
expression="execution(* org.andy.shop.service.impl.*Impl.*(..))" />
<!-- 指定在txAdvice切入点应用txAdvice事务增强处理 -->
<aop:advisor pointcut-ref="transactionPointcut"
advice-ref="transactionAdvice" />
</aop:config>
</beans>注意：Hibernation4使用的是SessionFactory而不是HibernationTemplate。
5、生成实体
我们先添加实体entity，Dao，Service，Action等几个包，一般设计如下：
设计好数据表之后，采用Hibernation tools自动逆向生成实体，其实体UserInfo如下：
package org.andy.shop.entity;
// Generated 2015-2-13 12:48:39 by Hibernate Tools 4.0.0
import javax.persistence.Column;
import javax.persistence.Entity;
import javax.persistence.Id;
import javax.persistence.Table;
/**
* UserInfo generated by hbm2java
*/
@Entity
@Table(name = "user_info", catalog = "shop")
public class UserInfo implements java.io.Serializable {
/**
*
*/
private static final long serialVersionUID = 5127853981202454040L;
private int id;
private String name;
private Integer age;
private String telephone;
public UserInfo() {
}
public UserInfo(int id, String name) {
this.id = id;
this.name = name;
}
public UserInfo(int id, String name, Integer age, String telephone) {
this.id = id;
this.name = name;
this.age = age;
this.telephone = telephone;
}
@Id
@Column(name = "id", unique = true, nullable = false)
public int getId() {
return this.id;
}
public void setId(int id) {
this.id = id;
}
@Column(name = "name", nullable = false)
public String getName() {
return this.name;
}
public void setName(String name) {
this.name = name;
}
@Column(name = "age")
public Integer getAge() {
return this.age;
}
public void setAge(Integer age) {
this.age = age;
}
@Column(name = "telephone")
public String getTelephone() {
return this.telephone;
}
public void setTelephone(String telephone) {
this.telephone = telephone;
}
}
6、创建Dao层
我们采用面向接口编程，所以先设计接口，在写dao的实现类，其理，同样适用于service层。
6.1、Dao层接口
我们先定义一个通用的GenericDao接口，如下：
package org.andy.shop.dao;
import java.io.Serializable;
import java.util.List;
/**
* 创建时间：2015-2-11 下午2:26:42
*
* @author andy
* @version 2.2
*
* Dao通用接口
*/
interface GenericDao<T, PK extends Serializable> {
T load(PK id);
T get(PK id);
List<T> findAll();
void persist(T entity);
PK save(T entity);
void saveOrUpdate(T entity);
void delete(PK id);
void flush();
}
具体的UserInfo的Dao接口UserInfoDao如下：
package org.andy.shop.dao;
import org.andy.shop.entity.UserInfo;
/**
* 创建时间：2015-2-13 下午12:49:55
* @author andy
* @version 2.2
* 描述： userDao
*/
public interface UserInfoDao extends GenericDao<UserInfo, Integer> {
}
6.2、Dao层实现类
UserInfo的Dao层实现类UserInfoDaoImpl如下：
package org.andy.shop.dao.impl;
import java.util.List;
import org.andy.shop.dao.UserInfoDao;
import org.andy.shop.entity.UserInfo;
import org.hibernate.Session;
import org.hibernate.SessionFactory;
import org.springframework.beans.factory.annotation.Autowired;
import org.springframework.stereotype.Repository;
/**
* 创建时间：2015-2-13 下午12:51:47
*
* @author andy
* @version 2.2
* 描述： dao实现类
*/
@Repository("userInfoDao")
public class UserInfoDaoImpl implements UserInfoDao {
@Autowired
private SessionFactory sessionFactory;
private Session getCurrentSession() {
return this.sessionFactory.getCurrentSession();
}
@Override
public UserInfo load(Integer id) {
return (UserInfo) this.getCurrentSession().load(UserInfo.class, id);
}
@Override
public UserInfo get(Integer id) {
return (UserInfo) this.getCurrentSession().get(UserInfo.class, id);
}
@SuppressWarnings("unchecked")
@Override
public List<UserInfo> findAll() {
List<UserInfo> userInfos = this.getCurrentSession()
.createQuery("from UserInfo").list();
return userInfos;
}
@Override
public void persist(UserInfo entity) {
this.getCurrentSession().persist(entity);
}
@Override
public Integer save(UserInfo entity) {
return (Integer) this.getCurrentSession().save(entity);
}
@Override
public void saveOrUpdate(UserInfo entity) {
this.getCurrentSession().saveOrUpdate(entity);
}
@Override
public void delete(Integer id) {
UserInfo entity = this.load(id);
this.getCurrentSession().delete(entity);
}
@Override
public void flush() {
this.getCurrentSession().flush();
}
}
我们采用@Repository注解将其注入为dao的bean，交由spring管理。
7、创建Service层
Service层同理按照面向接口编程。
7.1、Service层接口
UserInfo层接口UserInfoService如下：
package org.andy.shop.service;
import java.util.List;
import org.andy.shop.entity.UserInfo;
/**
* 创建时间：2015-2-13 下午1:00:51
* @author andy
* @version 2.2
* 描述：
*/
public interface UserInfoService {
UserInfo load(Integer id);
UserInfo get(Integer id);
List<UserInfo> findAll();
void persist(UserInfo entity);
Integer save(UserInfo entity);
void saveOrUpdate(UserInfo entity);
void delete(Integer id);
void flush();
}
7.2、service层实现类
service层我们使用@Service注解将其注入为bean。
package org.andy.shop.service.impl;
import java.util.List;
import org.andy.shop.dao.UserInfoDao;
import org.andy.shop.entity.UserInfo;
import org.andy.shop.service.UserInfoService;
import org.springframework.beans.factory.annotation.Autowired;
import org.springframework.stereotype.Service;
/**
* 创建时间：2015-2-13 下午1:03:47
*
* @author andy
* @version 2.2 描述：
*/
@Service("userInfoService")
public class UserInfoServiceImpl implements UserInfoService {
@Autowired
private UserInfoDao userInfoDao;
@Override
public UserInfo load(Integer id) {
return null;
}
@Override
public UserInfo get(Integer id) {
return userInfoDao.get(id);
}
@Override
public List<UserInfo> findAll() {
return userInfoDao.findAll();
}
@Override
public void persist(UserInfo entity) {
userInfoDao.persist(entity);
}
@Override
public Integer save(UserInfo entity) {
return userInfoDao.save(entity);
}
@Override
public void saveOrUpdate(UserInfo entity) {
userInfoDao.saveOrUpdate(entity);
}
@Override
public void delete(Integer id) {
userInfoDao.delete(id);
}
@Override
public void flush() {
userInfoDao.flush();
}
}
8、单元测试Spring和Hibernation框架的整合
以上，spring和Hibernation框架就算是整合完成了，我们需要测试一下是否整合成功，事务是否起作用等，所以我们需要在src/test/java源目录中编写测试类，进行测试：
我们创建了TestUserService类，进行单元测试：
TestUserService内容如下：
package org.andy.shop.service;
import org.andy.shop.entity.UserInfo;
import org.apache.log4j.Logger;
import org.junit.Test;
import org.junit.runner.RunWith;
import org.springframework.beans.factory.annotation.Autowired;
import org.springframework.test.context.ContextConfiguration;
import org.springframework.test.context.junit4.SpringJUnit4ClassRunner;
import com.alibaba.fastjson.JSON;
/**
* 创建时间：2015-2-13 下午3:31:07
*
* @author andy
* @version 2.2
*/
@RunWith(SpringJUnit4ClassRunner.class)
@ContextConfiguration(locations = { "classpath:spring.xml",
"classpath:spring-hibernate.xml" })
public class TestUserService {
private static final Logger LOGGER = Logger
.getLogger(TestUserService.class);
@Autowired
private UserInfoService userInfoService;
@Test
public void save() {
UserInfo userInfo = new UserInfo();
userInfo.setName("zty");
userInfo.setAge(23);
userInfo.setTelephone("13212221333");
Integer id = userInfoService.save(userInfo);
JSON.toJSONString(id);
}
}
我们需要引入springjunit的包，将spring配置加载，如果单元测试成功，那么项目搭建已经成功了一半了。
9、引入Struts2
配置Struts框架的配置文件，Struts2不同于前面的框架，其配置文件名必须为struts.xml，内容如下：
<?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8"?> <!DOCTYPE struts PUBLIC "-//Apache Software Foundation//DTD Struts Configuration 2.3//EN" "http://struts.apache.org/dtds/struts-2.3.dtd"> <struts> <!-- 指定由spring负责action对象的创建 --> <constant name="struts.objectFactory" value="spring" /> <!-- 所有匹配*.action的请求都由struts2处理 --> <constant name="struts.action.extension" value="action" /> <!-- 是否启用开发模式 --> <constant name="struts.devMode" value="true" /> <!-- struts配置文件改动后，是aa否重新加载 --> <constant name="struts.configuration.xml.reload" value="true" /> <!-- 设置浏览器是否缓存静态内容 --> <constant name="struts.serve.static.browserCache" value="false" /> <!-- 请求参数的编码方式 --> <constant name="struts.i18n.encoding" value="utf-8" /> <!-- 每次HTTP请求系统都重新加载资源文件，有助于开发 --> <constant name="struts.i18n.reload" value="true" /> <!-- 文件上传最大值 --> <constant name="struts.multipart.maxSize" value="104857600" /> <!-- 让struts2支持动态方法调用 --> <constant name="struts.enable.DynamicMethodInvocation" value="true" /> <!-- Action名称中是否还是用斜线 --> <constant name="struts.enable.SlashesInActionNames" value="false" /> <!-- 允许标签中使用表达式语法 --> <constant name="struts.tag.altSyntax" value="true" /> <!-- 对于WebLogic,Orion,OC4J此属性应该设置成true --> <constant name="struts.dispatcher.parametersWorkaround" value="false" /> <!-- 用于CRUD Action的parent package --> <package name="crud-default" extends="convention-default"> <!-- 基于paramsPrepareParamsStack, 增加store interceptor保证actionMessage在redirect后不会丢失 --> <interceptors> <interceptor-stack name="crudStack"> <interceptor-ref name="store"> <param name="operationMode">AUTOMATIC</param> </interceptor-ref> <interceptor-ref name="paramsPrepareParamsStack" /> </interceptor-stack> </interceptors> <default-interceptor-ref name="crudStack" /> </package> <!-- 使用Convention插件,实现约定大于配置的零配置文件风格. 特殊的Result路径在Action类中使用@Result设定. --> </struts>
上面配置的比较详细，可以按照实际项目，做一下筛检。
10、配置web容器web.xml
web.xml是web项目的核心，里面配置了容器启动是的加载文件，以及监听器，过滤器等内容，所以需要我们配置对个框架的启动，加载。其内容如下：
<?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8"?> <web-app xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance" xmlns="http://java.sun.com/xml/ns/javaee" xmlns:web="http://java.sun.com/xml/ns/javaee/web-app_2_5.xsd" xsi:schemaLocation="http://java.sun.com/xml/ns/javaee http://java.sun.com/xml/ns/javaee/web-app_2_5.xsd" id="WebApp_ID" version="2.5"> <display-name>spring_struts2_Hibernate_demo</display-name> <!-- spring 和 Hibernate的配置文件 --> <context-param> <param-name>contextConfigLocation</param-name> <param-value> classpath:spring.xml classpath:spring-hibernate.xml </param-value> </context-param> <!-- 编码设置 --> <filter> <filter-name>encodingFilter</filter-name> <filter-class>org.springframework.web.filter.CharacterEncodingFilter</filter-class> <init-param> <param-name>encoding</param-name> <param-value>utf-8</param-value> </init-param> <init-param> <param-name>forceEncoding</param-name> <param-value>true</param-value> </init-param> </filter> <filter-mapping> <filter-name>encodingFilter</filter-name> <url-pattern>/*</url-pattern> </filter-mapping> <!-- openSessionInView配置 作用是延迟session关闭到view层 --> <filter> <filter-name>openSessionInViewFilter</filter-name> <filter-class>org.springframework.orm.hibernate4.support.OpenSessionInViewFilter</filter-class> <init-param> <param-name>singleSession</param-name> <param-value>true</param-value> </init-param> </filter> <!-- 监听servletContext，启动contextConfigLocation中的spring配置信息 --> <listener> <listener-class>org.springframework.web.context.ContextLoaderListener</listener-class> </listener> <!-- 防止spring内存溢出监听器 --> <listener> <listener-class>org.springframework.web.util.IntrospectorCleanupListener</listener-class> </listener> <!-- Struts2 filter --> <filter> <filter-name>struts2</filter-name> <filter-class>org.apache.struts2.dispatcher.ng.filter.StrutsPrepareAndExecuteFilter</filter-class> </filter> <filter-mapping> <filter-name>struts2</filter-name> <url-pattern>*.action</url-pattern> </filter-mapping> <filter-mapping> <filter-name>openSessionInViewFilter</filter-name> <url-pattern>*.action</url-pattern> </filter-mapping> <!-- 配置session超时时间，单位分钟 --> <session-config> <session-timeout>30</session-timeout> </session-config> <welcome-file-list> <welcome-file>/index.jsp</welcome-file> </welcome-file-list> </web-app>
11、创建控制层Action
控制层Struts2我们采用annotation 约束注解方式实现action的零配置，需要我们在WEB-INF下创建content目录（必须是content），里面存放是视图层jsp。
UserinfoAction内容如下：
package org.andy.shop.action;
import java.util.List;
import org.andy.shop.entity.UserInfo;
import org.andy.shop.service.UserInfoService;
import org.andy.shop.utils.AjaxUtil;
import org.apache.log4j.Logger;
import org.apache.struts2.ServletActionContext;
import org.apache.struts2.convention.annotation.Namespace;
import org.springframework.beans.factory.annotation.Autowired;
import com.opensymphony.xwork2.ActionSupport;
import com.opensymphony.xwork2.ModelDriven;
import com.opensymphony.xwork2.Preparable;
/**
* 创建时间：2015-2-13 下午2:49:22
*
* @author andy
* @version 2.2 描述： user的Action
*/
@Namespace("/user")
public class UserinfoAction extends ActionSupport implements
ModelDriven<UserInfo>, Preparable {
private static final long serialVersionUID = -2301203156032690317L;
private static final Logger LOGGER = Logger.getLogger(UserinfoAction.class);
private Integer id;
private UserInfo userInfo;
private List<UserInfo> userInfos;
@Autowired
private UserInfoService userInfoService;
public Integer getId() {
return id;
}
public void setId(Integer id) {
this.id = id;
}
public UserInfo getUserInfo() {
return userInfo;
}
public void setUserInfo(UserInfo userInfo) {
this.userInfo = userInfo;
}
public List<UserInfo> getUserInfos() {
return userInfos;
}
public void setUserInfos(List<UserInfo> userInfos) {
this.userInfos = userInfos;
}
@Override
public UserInfo getModel() {
if (null != id) {
userInfo = userInfoService.get(id);
} else {
userInfo = new UserInfo();
}
return userInfo;
}
@Override
public String execute() throws Exception {
LOGGER.info("查询所有用户");
userInfos = userInfoService.findAll();
return SUCCESS;
}
public void detail() {
String id = ServletActionContext.getRequest().getParameter("id");
LOGGER.info("查看用户详情：" + id);
userInfo = userInfoService.get(Integer.valueOf(id));
AjaxUtil.ajaxJSONResponse(userInfo);
}
@Override
public void prepare() throws Exception {
}
}
按照约束原则，上面success是会跳转到content下的/user/userinfo.jsp视图。
注意：如果上述的UserinfoAction写出了UserInfoAction，那么对应的视图为/user/user-info.jsp，对应的Action为user-info.action
12、创建视图层
视图userinfo.jsp内容如下：
<%@ page language="java" contentType="text/html; charset=UTF-8" pageEncoding="UTF-8"%>
<%@taglib prefix="c" uri="http://java.sun.com/jsp/jstl/core"%>
<%@taglib prefix="fmt" uri="http://java.sun.com/jsp/jstl/fmt"%>
<%
String path = request.getContextPath();
String basePath = request.getScheme() + "://"
+ request.getServerName() + ":" + request.getServerPort()
+ path + "/";
%>
<!DOCTYPE html PUBLIC "-//W3C//DTD HTML 4.01 Transitional//EN" "http://www.w3.org/TR/html4/loose.dtd">
<html>
<head>
<base href="<%=basePath%>" />
<meta http-equiv="Content-Type" content="text/html; charset=UTF-8">
<script type="text/javascript" src="js/jquery-1.9.1.min.js"></script>
<title>userInfo</title>
</head>
<body>
全部用户信息：
<c:forEach items="${ userInfos}" var="user">
<div> 姓名：${user.name } 年龄：${user.age } 电话： ${user.telephone } <a target="_blank" href="user/userinfo!detail.action?id=${user.id}">json详情</a></div>
</c:forEach>
</body>
</html>通过这个视图，我们可以测试UserinfoAction中的两个url。
13、部署服务器测试
使用Maven打包部署：clean compile package
测试 http://localhost:8080/spring_struts2_Hibernate_demo/user/userinfo.action
json返回数据 http://localhost:8080/spring_struts2_Hibernate_demo/user/userinfo!detail.action?id=1
OK，到此为止Spring+Struts2+Hibernate全部搭建完成。
博客来源：http://blog.csdn.net/fengshizty?viewmode=list
项目源码：http://download.csdn.net/detail/fengshizty/8464569
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