为Archlinux安装桌面和一些必要软件

浏览数：73 / 时间：2015年06月20日

Author: 晴天(Potter)

Essay Address: http://blog.csdn.net/sunnypotter/article/details/23201191

接着将ArchLinux安装到U盘上(特地买了16G3.0U盘)

现在要给Archlinux安装xorg-server,和DE(桌面环境):

# 1、关闭PC小喇叭
# vim /etc/modprobe.d/nopcspkr.conf
blacklist pcspkr

# 2.1、创建用户:
useradd -m -g users -s /bin/bash sunny
# 2.1.1 locale
vim /etc/locale.gen
   + en_US.UTF-8 UTf-8
   + zh_CN.GBK GBK
   + zh_CN.UTF-8 UTF-8
   + zh_CN GB2312
locale-gen

# 2.2、安装 X:
pacman -S xorg-server xorg-xinit xorg-utils xorg-server-utils mesa

# 2.3、显卡驱动
pacman -S xf86-video-vesa       # 通用显卡驱动，不提供任何2D和3D加速功能
pacman -S xf86-video-intel        # Intel
pacman -S xf86-video-nouveau    # Nvidia
pacman -S nouveau-dri
# pacman -S xf86-video-ati       # Ati
#
# 虚拟机: pcaman -S xf86-video-vesa

# 2.4、笔记本触摸板支持
pacman -S xf86-input-synaptics

# 2.5、测试X工作是否正常
pacman -S xorg-twm xorg-xclock xterm

# 2.6、现在可以用startx启动X看到简陋的图形界面.
startx

# 3、安装桌面(xfce4 kde lxde gnome):
# pacman -S gnome # gnome-session
pacman -S kde # kde
cp /etc/skel/.xinitrc $HOME/.xinitrc
vim .xinitrc
   # + xrandr -s 1366x768 # 制定屏幕分辨率
   + exec startkde # kde
   # + exec gnome-session # gnome

# 4、安装fcitx输入法
pcaman -S fcitx
pcaman -S kcm-fcitx # For kde
pacman -S fcitx-googlepinyin # Google拼音
# 配置中文输入法：
fcitx-configtool
# 在Input Method -> 去掉Only Show Currentt Language勾 -> 搜索Chinese -> Google Pinyin
#    在$HOME/.xinitrc里添加:
vim $HOME/.xinitrc
   + export GTK_IM_MODULE=fcitx
   + export QT_IM_IMDULE=fcitx
   + export XMODIFIERS="@im=fcitx"

# 5、KDM: KDE Display Manager : pacman -S kdm
#    GDM: pacman -s gdm

# 6.Firefox flashplugin
pacman -S firefox flashplugin

# 7. yaourt
vim /etc/pacman.conf
   + [archlinuxfr]
   + SigLevel = Never
   + Server = http://repo.archlinux.fr/$arch

pacman -S yaourt

# 7.1 aur: google-chrome
pacman -S google-chrome

# 8.Some softwares
pacman -S openssh   # sshd
pacman -S git       # git
pacman -S subversion
pacman -S wget       # wget
pacman -S net-tools   # ifconfig
pacman -S dnsutils   # nslookup

# 9.njit-client
mkdir build && cd build
wget https://github.com/linzsummer/njit8021xclient_for_swufe/archive/master.zip
unzip master.zip
pacman -S automake autoconf libpcap pkg-config
# pacman -S libssl
./configure
make
make install
cd .. && rm -rf build

# 10. wps: becauselibreoffice is too large, so instead of wps
vim /etc/pacman.conf
    + [multilib]
    + SigLevel = PackageRequired
    + Include = /etc/pacman.d/mirrorlist
pacman -Syu   # renew database (Repository multilib)
yaourt -S kingsoft-office

# 11. gnome shortcuts
Super+(pg up)/(pg dn)   # exchange screen

# 12. Find the real path of the Command
# type [Command]
type firefox

# 13. clean pacman cache
pacman -Scc
pacman -S -l # list pacman install packages

# 14.Static IP Address
cd /etc/netctl
cp examples/ethernet-static my-network
# Then edit the profile as needed
vim my-network
# Next, Start Netctl
netctl enable my-network
netctl start my-network