scala eclipse sbt 应用程序开发

    由于Scala有一个比较完备的Eclipse IDE（Scala IDE for Eclipse）, 对于不想从eclipse迁移到Iea平台的Dev来说，如何方便、快速、有效得在Eclipse下编译打包开发Scala应用程序尤为重要。Sbt是类似Maven的一个构建工具，我们将使用它来构建发布程序。

    本文会介绍搭建Eclipse开发Scala应用程序的一般步骤，并结合实例演示sbt工具在eclipse里是如何创建项目文件，和编译打包部署程序的。

    这里做个备忘，也为初学者少走弯路而做出点小小的贡献。

  一、环境准备：

   1、Scala : http://www.scala-lang.org/

   2、Scala IDE for Eclipse : scala-ide.org

   3、Sbt: http://www.scala-sbt.org/

   4、Sbt Eclipse : https://github.com/typesafehub/sbteclipse  typesafe的一个sbt for eclipse的助手，可以帮助生成eclipse

   5、Sbt Assembly ： https://github.com/sbt/sbt-assembly 发布应用程序的一个sbt插件。

   以上列出均为开发时必须的软件环境：

   我的，Scala版本是2.10.3， Sbt版本是0.13

  二、sbt生成scala eclipse项目：

     我们想要在Eclipse里开发scala应用并符合sbt发布程序的文件结构（类似Maven结构），除了手工建立文件结构，还可以采用sbt eclipse的配置方法。

    2.1、添加sbt eclipse插件

     有2种配置方式：

     一种是在~/.sbt/0.13/plugins//build.sbt 里配置addPlugin,这种做法是全局的插件，即对本机所有sbt项目均使用。

    另一种是每个项目不一样的plugins，则是在每个项目跟目录下project/plugins.sbt里进行插件配置。

    比如test_sbt：

victor@victor-ubuntu:~/workspace/test_sbt$ pwd
/home/victor/workspace/test_sbt

victor-ubuntu:~/workspace/test_sbt$ tree .
.
├── build.sbt
└── project
    └── plugins.sbt

1 directory, 2 files

addSbtPlugin("com.typesafe.sbteclipse" % "sbteclipse-plugin" % "2.4.0")
  

   2.2、生成eclipse项目文件

   然后进入到根目录sbt,成功进入sbt，运行eclipse命令生成eclipse的.classpath等eclipse相关文件：

victor@victor-ubuntu:~/workspace/test_sbt$ ll
total 28
drwxrwxr-x 5 victor victor 4096  8月  4 00:38 ./
drwxrwxr-x 8 victor victor 4096  8月  4 00:28 ../
-rw-rw-r-- 1 victor victor    0  8月  4 00:38 build.sbt
-rw-rw-r-- 1 victor victor  589  8月  4 00:38 .classpath
drwxrwxr-x 4 victor victor 4096  8月  4 00:38 project/
-rw-rw-r-- 1 victor victor  362  8月  4 00:38 .project
drwxrwxr-x 4 victor victor 4096  8月  4 00:38 src/
drwxrwxr-x 4 victor victor 4096  8月  4 00:38 target/

victor@victor-ubuntu:~/workspace/test_sbt$ tree src
src
├── main
│   ├── java
│   └── scala
└── test
    ├── java
    └── scala

  发现没有resouces目录：

  在跟目录的build.sbt里添加：

EclipseKeys.createSrc := EclipseCreateSrc.Default + EclipseCreateSrc.Resource

victor@victor-ubuntu:~/workspace/test_sbt$ tree src/
src/
├── main
│   ├── java
│   ├── resources
│   └── scala
└── test
    ├── java
    ├── resources
    └── scala

   2.3、导入Eclipse中

   我们进入Eclipse，利用导入向导的import existing project into workspace这一项进行导入。

    至此，我们的项目结构搭建完成，可以像开发java maven项目一样的开发scala sbt项目了。

   三、开发与部署

    下面准备用一个实际例子演示在Scala里开发的一般步骤，最近用到scala里的json，就用json4s这个json lib来开发一个解析json的例子，json4s地址：https://github.com/json4s/json4s

    3.1、添加依赖

     我们如果想使用第三方的类，就需要添加依赖关系，和GAV坐标，这个再熟悉不过，我们需要编辑根目录下的build.sbt文件，添加依赖：

     这里name,version,scalaVersion要注意每个间隔一行，其它的也是，不然会出错。

     libraryDependencies是添加依赖的地方：我们添加2个。

    resolvers是仓库地址，这里配置了多个。

   如下：

name := "shengli_test_sbt"

version := "1.0"

scalaVersion := "2.10.3"

EclipseKeys.createSrc := EclipseCreateSrc.Default + EclipseCreateSrc.Resource

libraryDependencies ++= Seq(
  "org.json4s" %% "json4s-native" % "3.2.10",
  "org.json4s" %% "json4s-jackson" % "3.2.10"
)

resolvers ++= Seq(
      // HTTPS is unavailable for Maven Central
      "Maven Repository"     at "http://repo.maven.apache.org/maven2",
      "Apache Repository"    at "https://repository.apache.org/content/repositories/releases",
      "JBoss Repository"     at "https://repository.jboss.org/nexus/content/repositories/releases/",
      "MQTT Repository"      at "https://repo.eclipse.org/content/repositories/paho-releases/",
      "Cloudera Repository"  at "http://repository.cloudera.com/artifactory/cloudera-repos/",
      // For Sonatype publishing
      // "sonatype-snapshots"   at "https://oss.sonatype.org/content/repositories/snapshots",
      // "sonatype-staging"     at "https://oss.sonatype.org/service/local/staging/deploy/maven2/",
      // also check the local Maven repository ~/.m2
      Resolver.mavenLocal
)

    3.2、测试程序

    一个简单的解析Json的程序，程序很简单，这里就不解释了。

package com.shengli.json
import org.json4s._
import org.json4s.JsonDSL._
import org.json4s.jackson.JsonMethods._

object JsonSbtTest extends Application{
	

  case class Winner(id: Long, numbers: List[Int])
  case class Lotto(id: Long, winningNumbers: List[Int], winners: List[Winner], drawDate: Option[java.util.Date])

  val winners = List(Winner(23, List(2, 45, 34, 23, 3, 5)), Winner(54, List(52, 3, 12, 11, 18, 22)))
  val lotto = Lotto(5, List(2, 45, 34, 23, 7, 5, 3), winners, None)
  val json =
    ("lotto" ->
      ("lotto-id" -> lotto.id) ~ 
      ("winning-numbers" -> lotto.winningNumbers) ~
      ("draw-date" -> lotto.drawDate.map(_.toString)) ~
      ("winners" ->
        lotto.winners.map { w =>
          (("winner-id" -> w.id) ~
           ("numbers" -> w.numbers))}))

  println(compact(render(json)))
  println(pretty(render(json)))
}

    3.3、Assembly

   还记得Spark里面的assembly吗？那个就是发布用的，sbt本身支持的clean compile package之类的命令，但是带依赖的one jar打包方式还是assembly比较成熟。

   Sbt本身的命令：参考http://www.scala-sbt.org/0.13/tutorial/Running.html 和http://www.scala-sbt.org/0.13/docs/Command-Line-Reference.html

   Assembly：

   Assembly是作为一种插件的，所以要在project下面的plugins.sbt里面配置，至此plugins.sbt文件里内容如下：

resolvers += Resolver.url("artifactory", url("http://scalasbt.artifactoryonline.com/scalasbt/sbt-plugin-releases"))(Resolver.ivyStylePatterns)

resolvers += "Typesafe Repository" at "http://repo.typesafe.com/typesafe/releases/"

addSbtPlugin("com.typesafe.sbteclipse" % "sbteclipse-plugin" % "2.4.0")

addSbtPlugin("com.eed3si9n" % "sbt-assembly" % "0.11.2")

import AssemblyKeys._
assemblySettings

import AssemblyKeys._
assemblySettings

name := "shengli_test_sbt"

version := "1.0"

scalaVersion := "2.10.3"

EclipseKeys.createSrc := EclipseCreateSrc.Default + EclipseCreateSrc.Resource

libraryDependencies ++= Seq(
  "org.json4s" %% "json4s-native" % "3.2.10",
  "org.json4s" %% "json4s-jackson" % "3.2.10"
)

resolvers ++= Seq(
      // HTTPS is unavailable for Maven Central
      "Maven Repository"     at "http://repo.maven.apache.org/maven2",
      "Apache Repository"    at "https://repository.apache.org/content/repositories/releases",
      "JBoss Repository"     at "https://repository.jboss.org/nexus/content/repositories/releases/",
      "MQTT Repository"      at "https://repo.eclipse.org/content/repositories/paho-releases/",
      "Cloudera Repository"  at "http://repository.cloudera.com/artifactory/cloudera-repos/",
      // For Sonatype publishing
      // "sonatype-snapshots"   at "https://oss.sonatype.org/content/repositories/snapshots",
      // "sonatype-staging"     at "https://oss.sonatype.org/service/local/staging/deploy/maven2/",
      // also check the local Maven repository ~/.m2
      Resolver.mavenLocal
)

> assembly
[info] Updating {file:/home/victor/workspace/test_sbt/}test_sbt...
[info] Resolving org.fusesource.jansi#jansi;1.4 ...
[info] Done updating.
[info] Compiling 1 Scala source to /home/victor/workspace/test_sbt/target/scala-2.10/classes...
[warn] there were 1 deprecation warning(s); re-run with -deprecation for details
[warn] one warning found
[info] Including: scala-compiler-2.10.0.jar
[info] Including: scala-library-2.10.3.jar
[info] Including: json4s-native_2.10-3.2.10.jar
[info] Including: json4s-core_2.10-3.2.10.jar
[info] Including: json4s-ast_2.10-3.2.10.jar
[info] Including: paranamer-2.6.jar
[info] Including: scalap-2.10.0.jar
[info] Including: jackson-databind-2.3.1.jar
[info] Including: scala-reflect-2.10.0.jar
[info] Including: jackson-annotations-2.3.0.jar
[info] Including: json4s-jackson_2.10-3.2.10.jar
[info] Including: jackson-core-2.3.1.jar
[info] Checking every *.class/*.jar file's SHA-1.
[info] Merging files...
[warn] Merging 'META-INF/NOTICE' with strategy 'rename'
[warn] Merging 'META-INF/LICENSE' with strategy 'rename'
[warn] Merging 'META-INF/MANIFEST.MF' with strategy 'discard'
[warn] Merging 'rootdoc.txt' with strategy 'concat'
[warn] Strategy 'concat' was applied to a file
[warn] Strategy 'discard' was applied to a file
[warn] Strategy 'rename' was applied to 2 files
[info] SHA-1: d4e76d7b55548fb2a6819f2b94e37daea9421684
[info] Packaging /home/victor/workspace/test_sbt/target/scala-2.10/shengli_test_sbt-assembly-1.0.jar ...
[info] Done packaging.
[success] Total time: 39 s, completed Aug 4, 2014 1:26:11 AM

  那我们来执行一下，看是否成功：

  执行：

java -cp /home/victor/workspace/test_sbt/target/scala-2.10/shengli_test_sbt-assembly-1.0.jar com.shengli.json.JsonSbtTest

victor@victor-ubuntu:~/workspace/test_sbt$ java -cp /home/victor/workspace/test_sbt/target/scala-2.10/shengli_test_sbt-assembly-1.0.jar com.shengli.json.JsonSbtTest
{"lotto":{"lotto-id":5,"winning-numbers":[2,45,34,23,7,5,3],"winners":[{"winner-id":23,"numbers":[2,45,34,23,3,5]},{"winner-id":54,"numbers":[52,3,12,11,18,22]}]}}
{
  "lotto" : {
    "lotto-id" : 5,
    "winning-numbers" : [ 2, 45, 34, 23, 7, 5, 3 ],
    "winners" : [ {
      "winner-id" : 23,
      "numbers" : [ 2, 45, 34, 23, 3, 5 ]
    }, {
      "winner-id" : 54,
      "numbers" : [ 52, 3, 12, 11, 18, 22 ]
    } ]
  }
}

四、总结

   本文介绍了在Eclipse里利用Sbt构建开发Scala程序的一般步骤，并用实例讲解了整个流程。

   用sbt eclipse插件生成sbt文件目录结构，sbt eclipse命令来生成更新jar包依赖。

   用assebly插件对scala应用进行打包发布。  

——EOF——

原创文章，转载请注明出自：http://blog.csdn.net/oopsoom/article/details/38363369

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