Linux控制台版本2048
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时间：2015年06月20日
在Github上看到一个荷兰人写的linux控制台版的2048，用的C语言，感觉很有意思。
原网址在这里。
读了一下他的源码，感觉写的不错，就厚着脸皮加了一些中文注释，源码如下：
/* ============================================================================ Name : 2048.c Author : Maurits van der Schee Description : Console version of the game "2048" for GNU/Linux ============================================================================ * Note by Zhengmingpei,China Time:2014.10.13 Contact:http://Zhengmingpei.github.com Email:[email protected] */ #define _XOPEN_SOURCE 500 #include <stdio.h> #include <stdlib.h> #include <string.h> #include <unistd.h> #include <termios.h> #include <stdbool.h> #include <stdint.h> #include <time.h> #include <signal.h> #define SIZE 4 uint32_t score=0; uint8_t scheme=0; // 根据value获取相应的颜色，将包含设置终端颜色的字符串复制给color void getColor(uint16_t value, char *color, size_t length) { // 声明三个颜色数组，用一维数组，但每个奇数位和偶数位组成一个前后景色 // 后两个数组分别对应程序的启动选项"blackwhite","bluered" uint8_t original[] = {8,255,1,255,2,255,3,255,4,255,5,255,6,255,7,255,9,0,10,0,11,0,12,0,13,0,14,0,255,0,255,0}; uint8_t blackwhite[] = {232,255,234,255,236,255,238,255,240,255,242,255,244,255,246,0,248,0,249,0,250,0,251,0,252,0,253,0,254,0,255,0}; uint8_t bluered[] = {235,255,63,255,57,255,93,255,129,255,165,255,201,255,200,255,199,255,198,255,197,255,196,255,196,255,196,255,196,255,196,255}; uint8_t *schemes[] = {original,blackwhite,bluered}; uint8_t *background = schemes[scheme]+0; uint8_t *foreground = schemes[scheme]+1; if (value > 0) while (value >>= 1) // value不断右移一位，直到值变为0，实现每个二进制一个不同的颜色 { if (background+2<schemes[scheme]+sizeof(original)) { background+=2; foreground+=2; } } //linux下终端及字体颜色设置语句的字符串 snprintf(color,length,"\033[38;5;%d;48;5;%dm",*foreground,*background); } // 绘制数据板,数据板共3×4行，7×4列 void drawBoard(uint16_t board[SIZE][SIZE]) { int8_t x,y; // \033[m:关闭所有属性 char color[40], reset[] = "\033[m"; // \033[H:调整光标位置 printf("\033[H"); printf("2048.c %17d pts\n\n",score); //数据板共3×4行，7×4列 for (y=0;y<SIZE;y++) { //首行打印空白 for (x=0;x<SIZE;x++) { getColor(board[x][y],color,40); printf("%s",color); printf(" "); //reset 重置，避免对非数据板部分造成影响 printf("%s",reset); } printf("\n"); //次行打印数字,数字居中 for (x=0;x<SIZE;x++) { getColor(board[x][y],color,40); printf("%s",color); if (board[x][y]!=0) { char s[8]; //此处注意，是board[x][y]而不是yx snprintf(s,8,"%u",board[x][y]); int8_t t = 7-strlen(s); printf("%*s%s%*s",t-t/2,"",s,t/2,""); } else { printf(" · "); } printf("%s",reset); } printf("\n"); //末行打印空白 for (x=0;x<SIZE;x++) { getColor(board[x][y],color,40); printf("%s",color); printf(" "); printf("%s",reset); } printf("\n"); } printf("\n"); printf(" ←,↑,→,↓ or q \n"); //疑似回车 printf("\033[A"); } // 查找一维数组中x左侧待合并数的坐标，stop为检查点 int8_t findTarget(uint16_t array[SIZE],int8_t x,int8_t stop) { int8_t t; //若x为第一个数，左边无数，直接返回x if (x==0) { return x; } //遍历x左边的坐标 for(t=x-1;t>=0;t--) { //合并算法： //1.t处的数不为0且与x处的数不相等，返回t+1 //2.t处的数不为0且与x处的数相等，返回t //3.t处的数为0，根据stop判断是否向前查找，防止多次合并 if (array[t]!=0) { if (array[t]!=array[x]) { // merge is not possible, take next position return t+1; } return t; } else { // we should not slide further, return this one if (t==stop) { return t; } } } // we did not find a return x; } //对一维数组进行移动 bool slideArray(uint16_t array[SIZE]) { bool success = false; //声明当前位置，待合并的位置，检查点 int8_t x,t,stop=0; for (x=0;x<SIZE;x++) { if (array[x]!=0) { t = findTarget(array,x,stop); // 如果待合并的位置与当前位置不相等，进行移动或者合并 // if target is not original position, then move or merge if (t!=x) { // 如果待合并的位置不是0,右移检查点stop // if target is not zero, set stop to avoid double merge if (array[t]!=0) { score+=array[t]+array[x]; stop = t+1; } array[t]+=array[x]; array[x]=0; success = true; } } } return success; } //旋转数据板，向右旋转90度，这样可以用一个方向的数组移动间接控制四个方向的移动 void rotateBoard(uint16_t board[SIZE][SIZE]) { int8_t i,j,n=SIZE; uint16_t tmp; //环形旋转，先外而内，先左后右 for (i=0; i<n/2; i++){ for (j=i; j<n-i-1; j++){ tmp = board[i][j]; board[i][j] = board[j][n-i-1]; board[j][n-i-1] = board[n-i-1][n-j-1]; board[n-i-1][n-j-1] = board[n-j-1][i]; board[n-j-1][i] = tmp; } } } //向上移动数据板 bool moveUp(uint16_t board[SIZE][SIZE]) { bool success = false; int8_t x; for (x=0;x<SIZE;x++) { //对每一列做移动或者合并处理， //这里是列而不是行，与前面的输出顺序有关 success |= slideArray(board[x]); //只要有一列成功，就成功 } return success; } // 左移：向右旋转90度，向上合并，再旋转3个90度 bool moveLeft(uint16_t board[SIZE][SIZE]) { bool success; rotateBoard(board); success = moveUp(board); rotateBoard(board); rotateBoard(board); rotateBoard(board); return success; } // 下移：向右旋转2个90度，向上合并，再旋转2个90度 bool moveDown(uint16_t board[SIZE][SIZE]) { bool success; rotateBoard(board); rotateBoard(board); success = moveUp(board); rotateBoard(board); rotateBoard(board); return success; } // 右移：向右旋转3个90度，向上合并，再旋转1个90度 bool moveRight(uint16_t board[SIZE][SIZE]) { bool success; rotateBoard(board); rotateBoard(board); rotateBoard(board); success = moveUp(board); rotateBoard(board); return success; } bool findPairDown(uint16_t board[SIZE][SIZE]) { bool success = false; int8_t x,y; for (x=0;x<SIZE;x++) { for (y=0;y<SIZE-1;y++) { if (board[x][y]==board[x][y+1]) return true; } } return success; } // 计算数据板是否已满 int16_t countEmpty(uint16_t board[SIZE][SIZE]) { int8_t x,y; int16_t count=0; for (x=0;x<SIZE;x++) { for (y=0;y<SIZE;y++) { if (board[x][y]==0) { count++; } } } return count; } // 检查游戏是否结束 bool gameEnded(uint16_t board[SIZE][SIZE]) { bool ended = true; // 如果有空位，未结束 if (countEmpty(board)>0) return false; // 横向检查，有相等相邻数，未结束 if (findPairDown(board)) return false; rotateBoard(board); // 旋转一次，纵向检查，有相等相邻数，未结束 if (findPairDown(board)) ended = false; rotateBoard(board); rotateBoard(board); rotateBoard(board); return ended; } // 随机重置数据板 void addRandom(uint16_t board[SIZE][SIZE]) { // 全局变量，是否已初始化 static bool initialized = false; // x,y 坐标 int8_t x,y; // r 随机位置，len 所有为空的数据板数据长度 int16_t r,len=0; // n 随机数据， list 所有为空的数据板位置 uint16_t n,list[SIZE*SIZE][2]; if (!initialized) { srand(time(NULL)); initialized = true; } // 找出数据板上所有为空的坐标 for (x=0;x<SIZE;x++) { for (y=0;y<SIZE;y++) { if (board[x][y]==0) { list[len][0]=x; list[len][1]=y; len++; } } } // 如果有为空的情况，才填充数据 if (len>0) { r = rand()%len; x = list[r][0]; y = list[r][1]; n = ((rand()%10)/9+1)*2; board[x][y]=n; } } // 设置输入模式，在行缓冲和无缓冲中切换 void setBufferedInput(bool enable) { static bool enabled = true; static struct termios old; struct termios new; if (enable && !enabled) { // restore the former settings tcsetattr(STDIN_FILENO,TCSANOW,&old); // set the new state enabled = true; } else if (!enable && enabled) { // get the terminal settings for standard input tcgetattr(STDIN_FILENO,&new); // we want to keep the old setting to restore them at the end old = new; // disable canonical mode (buffered i/o) and local echo new.c_lflag &=(~ICANON & ~ECHO); // set the new settings immediately tcsetattr(STDIN_FILENO,TCSANOW,&new); // set the new state enabled = false; } } int test() { uint16_t array[SIZE]; uint16_t data[] = { 0,0,0,2, 2,0,0,0, 0,0,2,2, 4,0,0,0, 0,2,0,2, 4,0,0,0, 2,0,0,2, 4,0,0,0, 2,0,2,0, 4,0,0,0, 2,2,2,0, 4,2,0,0, 2,0,2,2, 4,2,0,0, 2,2,0,2, 4,2,0,0, 2,2,2,2, 4,4,0,0, 4,4,2,2, 8,4,0,0, 2,2,4,4, 4,8,0,0, 8,0,2,2, 8,4,0,0, 4,0,2,2, 4,4,0,0 }; uint16_t *in,*out; uint16_t t,tests; uint8_t i; bool success = true; tests = (sizeof(data)/sizeof(data[0]))/(2*SIZE); for (t=0;t<tests;t++) { in = data+t*2*SIZE; out = in + SIZE; for (i=0;i<SIZE;i++) { array[i] = in[i]; } slideArray(array); for (i=0;i<SIZE;i++) { if (array[i] != out[i]) { success = false; } } if (success==false) { for (i=0;i<SIZE;i++) { printf("%d ",in[i]); } printf("=> "); for (i=0;i<SIZE;i++) { printf("%d ",array[i]); } printf("expected "); for (i=0;i<SIZE;i++) { printf("%d ",in[i]); } printf("=> "); for (i=0;i<SIZE;i++) { printf("%d ",out[i]); } printf("\n"); break; } } if (success) { printf("All %u tests executed successfully\n",tests); } return !success; } void signal_callback_handler(int signum) { printf(" TERMINATED \n"); setBufferedInput(true); printf("\033[?25h"); exit(signum); } int main(int argc, char *argv[]) { uint16_t board[SIZE][SIZE]; char c; bool success; if (argc == 2 && strcmp(argv[1],"test")==0) { return test(); } if (argc == 2 && strcmp(argv[1],"blackwhite")==0) { scheme = 1; } if (argc == 2 && strcmp(argv[1],"bluered")==0) { scheme = 2; } // 33[?25l 隐藏光标 // 33[2J 清屏 // 33[H 设置光标位置 printf("\033[?25l\033[2J\033[H"); // register signal handler for when ctrl-c is pressed signal(SIGINT, signal_callback_handler); // 将数据清为0 memset(board,0,sizeof(board)); // 添加两次随机数,因为初始化时产生2个随机数 addRandom(board); addRandom(board); // 绘制数据板 drawBoard(board); // 禁用缓存输入，终端支持按字符读取且不回显 setBufferedInput(false); // 游戏主循环 while (true) { c=getchar(); switch(c) { case 97: // 'a' key case 104: // 'h' key case 68: // left arrow success = moveLeft(board); break; case 100: // 'd' key case 108: // 'l' key case 67: // right arrow success = moveRight(board); break; case 119: // 'w' key case 107: // 'k' key case 65: // up arrow success = moveUp(board); break; case 115: // 's' key case 106: // 'j' key case 66: // down arrow success = moveDown(board); break; default: success = false; } //合并成功，则重新绘制 if (success) { drawBoard(board); usleep(150000); addRandom(board); drawBoard(board); if (gameEnded(board)) { printf(" GAME OVER \n"); break; } } // 如果输入是 q 的话，打开行缓冲，显示光标 if (c=='q') { printf(" QUIT? (y/n) \n"); while (true) { c=getchar(); if (c=='y'){ setBufferedInput(true); printf("\033[?25h"); exit(0); } else { drawBoard(board); break; } } } if (c=='r') { printf(" RESTART? (y/n) \n"); while (true) { c=getchar(); if (c=='y'){ memset(board,0,sizeof(board)); addRandom(board); addRandom(board); drawBoard(board); break; } else { drawBoard(board); break; } } } } setBufferedInput(true); printf("\033[?25h"); return EXIT_SUCCESS; }
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