linux 查看文件命令

cat

NAME
       cat - concatenate files and print on the standard output

SYNOPSIS
       cat [OPTION] [FILE]...

DESCRIPTION

       -n, --number
              number all output lines

[root@bogon ~]# cat -n /etc/inittab
     1    #
     2    # inittab       This file describes how the INIT process should set up
     3    #               the system in a certain run-level.
     4    #
     5    # Author:       Miquel van Smoorenburg, <[email protected]>
     6    #               Modified for RHS Linux by Marc Ewing and Donnie Barnes

       -E, --show-ends
              display $ at end of each line

[root@bogon ~]# cat -E /etc/inittab
#$
# inittab       This file describes how the INIT process should set up$
#               the system in a certain run-level.$
#$
# Author:       Miquel van Smoorenburg, <[email protected]>$
#               Modified for RHS Linux by Marc Ewing and Donnie Barnes$

more

NAME
     more - file perusal filter for crt viewing

SYNOPSIS
     more [-dlfpcsu] [-num] [+/ pattern] [+ linenum] [file ...]

空格键--向后翻1页，翻到最后一页直接退出

b--向前翻1一页

回车键--向下翻1行

不支持向上翻1行

less

和more差不多，比more更方便

空格键--向后翻1页

b--向前翻1页

回车--向下翻1行

k--向上翻1行

q-退出

head

NAME
       head - output the first part of files

SYNOPSIS
       head [OPTION]... [FILE]...

DESCRIPTION
       Print  the first 10 lines of each FILE to standard output.

[root@bogon ~]# head /etc/inittab
#
# inittab       This file describes how the INIT process should set up
#               the system in a certain run-level.
#
# Author:       Miquel van Smoorenburg, <[email protected]>
#               Modified for RHS Linux by Marc Ewing and Donnie Barnes
#

# Default runlevel. The runlevels used by RHS are:
#   0 - halt (Do NOT set initdefault to this)

       -n, --lines=[-]N
              print the first N lines instead of the first 10

[root@bogon ~]# head -n 5/etc/inittab
head: 5/etc/inittab: invalid number of lines
[root@bogon ~]# head -n 5 /etc/inittab
#
# inittab       This file describes how the INIT process should set up
#               the system in a certain run-level.
#
# Author:       Miquel van Smoorenburg, <[email protected]>

tail

NAME
       tail - output the last part of files

SYNOPSIS
       tail [OPTION]... [FILE]...

DESCRIPTION
       Print  the  last 10 lines of each FILE to standard output.
[root@bogon ~]# tail /etc/inittab
# Run gettys in standard runlevels
1:2345:respawn:/sbin/mingetty tty1
2:2345:respawn:/sbin/mingetty tty2
3:2345:respawn:/sbin/mingetty tty3
4:2345:respawn:/sbin/mingetty tty4
5:2345:respawn:/sbin/mingetty tty5
6:2345:respawn:/sbin/mingetty tty6

# Run xdm in runlevel 5
x:5:respawn:/etc/X11/prefdm -nodaemon

       -n, --lines=N
              output the last N lines, instead of the last 10

[root@bogon ~]# man tail
[root@bogon ~]# tail -n 5 /etc/inittab
5:2345:respawn:/sbin/mingetty tty5
6:2345:respawn:/sbin/mingetty tty6

# Run xdm in runlevel 5
x:5:respawn:/etc/X11/prefdm -nodaemon

       -f, --follow[={name|descriptor}]
              output appended data as the file grows; -f, --follow, and --follow=descriptor are equivalent

cut

NAME
       cut - remove sections from each line of files

SYNOPSIS
       cut [OPTION]... [FILE]...

DESCRIPTION
       Print selected parts of lines from each FILE to standard output.

       -d, --delimiter=DELIM
              use DELIM instead of TAB for field delimiter

       -f, --fields=LIST
              select only these fields;  also print any line that contains no delimiter character, unless the -s option is specified

[root@bogon ~]# cut -d : -f 1 /etc/passwd
root
bin
daemon
adm
lp
sync
shutdown