11.2.0.4 通过 scan ip 连接数据库报TNS-12537 连接关闭问题总结

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今天在自己的虚拟机上安装好一套oracle 11.2.0.4 rac for linux,
sqlplus 通过tnsnames 连接数据库时报 TNS-12537 错误，客户端连接数据库也是一样，报同样错误

错误如下:
[oracle@rac1 ~]$ sqlplus a/a@racdb

SQL*Plus: Release 11.2.0.4.0 Production on Mon Oct 20 14:13:58 2014

ERROR:
ORA-12537: TNS:connection closed

Enter user-name:
ERROR:
ORA-01017: invalid username/password; logon denied

SP2-0157: unable to CONNECT to ORACLE after 3 attempts, exiting SQL*Plus

而 tnsping 是正常的
[oracle@rac1 ~]$ tnsping racdb

TNS Ping Utility for Linux: Version 11.2.0.4.0 - Production on 20-OCT-2014 14:13:46

Used parameter files:
/home/oracle/11gR2/db_1/network/admin/sqlnet.ora

Used TNSNAMES adapter to resolve the alias
Attempting to contact (DESCRIPTION = (ADDRESS = (PROTOCOL = TCP)(HOST = scan-ip)(PORT = 1521)) (CONNECT_DATA = (SERVER = DEDICATED) (SERVICE_NAME = racdb)))
OK (0 msec)

检查监听日志如下:

20-OCT-2014 14:01:09 * (CONNECT_DATA=(SERVER=DEDICATED)(SERVICE_NAME=racdb)(CID=(PROGRAM=sqlplus@rac1)(HOST=rac1)(USER=oracle))(INST
ANCE_NAME=racdb1)) * (ADDRESS=(PROTOCOL=tcp)(HOST=138.30.0.201)(PORT=58757)) * establish * racdb * 12518
TNS-12518: TNS:listener could not hand off client connection
TNS-12546: TNS:permission denied
TNS-12560: TNS:protocol adapter error
   TNS-00516: Permission denied
    Linux Error: 13: Permission denied

可以看到提示权限错误

通过查询metalink ORA-12537 / ORA-12547 or TNS-12518 if Listener (including SCAN Listener) and Database are Owned by Different OS User (文档 ID 1069517.1)

4. Another cause may be permissions on the RDBMS Directory structure or Home directory which needs to be accessed by the CRS user.
Check that the RDBMS $ORACLE_HOME is set to 755.
This can be seen from an OS trace such as strace or truss when using it to trace the CRS user running the "oracle" executable which fails with the "Permission denied" error.

原因找到，因为我在我自己的虚拟机上oracle安装目录放在/home/oracle下面,grid安装目录放在/home/grid下面

[root@rac1 ~]# cd /home
[root@rac1 home]# ls -ltr
total 12
drwxr-xr-x 10 root   oinstall 4096 Aug 12 14:45 grid
drwx------ 25 oracle oinstall 4096 Oct 20 13:55 oracle

/home/oracle目录权限太低
修改成755即可
[root@rac1 home]# chmod 755 oracle
[root@rac1 home]#
[root@rac1 home]#
[root@rac1 home]# ls -ltr
total 12
drwxr-xr-x 10 root   oinstall 4096 Aug 12 14:45 grid
drwxr-xr-x 25 oracle oinstall 4096 Oct 20 13:55 oracle

sqlplus 和客户端就可以正常登录了

[oracle@rac1 ~]$ sqlplus test/test@racdb

SQL*Plus: Release 11.2.0.4.0 Production on Mon Oct 20 14:17:13 2014

Connected to:
Oracle Database 11g Enterprise Edition Release 11.2.0.4.0 - Production
With the Partitioning, Real Application Clusters, Automatic Storage Management, OLAP,
Data Mining and Real Application Testing options

SQL>
SQL>

总结解决问题思路方法:看问题引起原因对应的log,比如客户端连接不上数据库，则看监听日志，根据报错提示，查相关文档，再进一步诊断。

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11.2.0.4 通过 scan ip 连接数据库报TNS-12537 连接关闭问题总结