基于模块化编译安装LAMP：httpd 2.4.9 + mysql-5.5.33 + php-5.4.26编译安装
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时间：2015年06月12日
编译安装LAMP
基于httpd的高度模块化可以将php作为httpd的一个模块，并且可以被Apache服务调用。而Mysql作为一个独立的服务提供数据存储，所以编译安装LAMP是必须先编译安装httpd和二进制源码安装Mysql（这两者没有依赖关系），最后编译安装php。
一：二进制源码安装Mysql
1.将数据存储在基于Raid5的逻辑卷中；
创建基于raid5的逻辑卷
1.1将磁盘格式化为raid卷
# fdisk /dev/sdb
WARNING: DOS-compatible mode is deprecated. It‘s strongly recommended to
switch off the mode (command ‘c‘) and change display units to
sectors (command ‘u‘).
Command (m for help): n
Command action
e extended
p primary partition (1-4)
p
Partition number (1-4): 3
First cylinder (5224-15665, default 5224):
Using default value 5224
Last cylinder, +cylinders or +size{K,M,G} (5224-15665, default 15665): +10G
Command (m for help): n
Command action
e extended
p primary partition (1-4)
e
Selected partition 4
First cylinder (6530-15665, default 6530):
Using default value 6530
Last cylinder, +cylinders or +size{K,M,G} (6530-15665, default 15665): +20G
Command (m for help): n
First cylinder (6530-9141, default 6530):
Using default value 6530
Last cylinder, +cylinders or +size{K,M,G} (6530-9141, default 9141): +10G
Command (m for help): n
First cylinder (7836-9141, default 7836):
Using default value 7836
Last cylinder, +cylinders or +size{K,M,G} (7836-9141, default 9141): +10G
Command (m for help): t
Partition number (1-6): 3
Hex code (type L to list codes): fd
Changed system type of partition 3 to fd (Linux raid autodetect)
Command (m for help): t
Partition number (1-6): 5
Hex code (type L to list codes): fd
Changed system type of partition 5 to fd (Linux raid autodetect)
Command (m for help): t
Partition number (1-6): 6
Hex code (type L to list codes): fd
Changed system type of partition 6 to fd (Linux raid autodetect)
Command (m for help): w
The partition table has been altered!
Calling ioctl() to re-read partition table.
WARNING: Re-reading the partition table failed with error 16: Device or resource busy.
The kernel still uses the old table. The new table will be used at
the next reboot or after you run partprobe(8) or kpartx(8)
Syncing disks.1.2.重读分区信息（在分区表中没有所见的分区信息需要重复kpartx和partx）
# kpartx -af /dev/sdb # partx -a /dev/sdb # cat /proc/partitions 验证 major minor #blocks name 8 0 125829120 sda 8 1 204800 sda1 8 2 62914560 sda2 8 16 125829120 sdb 8 17 10490413 sdb1 8 18 31463302 sdb2 8 19 10490445 sdb3 8 20 31 sdb4 8 21 10490413 sdb5 8 22 10490413 sdb6 253 0 20971520 dm-0 253 1 2097152 dm-1 253 2 20971520 dm-2 253 3 10485760 dm-3 253 4 20971520 dm-4
1.3raid5
# mdadm -C /dev/md0 -a yes -l 5 -c 32K -n 3 /dev/sdb{3,5,6}
# mdadm -D /dev/md0 验证1.4基于raid5创建逻辑卷，并开机自动挂载
# pvcreate /dev/md0 创建物理卷 Physical volume "/dev/md0" successfully created # vgcreate data /dev/md0 创建卷组 Volume group "data" successfully created # lvcreate -L 10G -n mydata data 创建逻辑卷 Logical volume "mydata" created # mkdir data 创建挂在点 # vim /etc/fstab 添加如下一行 自动挂载 /dev/data/mydata /data ext4 defaults 0 0 # mount -a # mke2fs -t ext4 -L MYDATA /dev/data/mydata 创建ext4文件系统
2.通用二进制格式安装Mysql
2.1为Mysql数据库创建用户和组
# groupadd -r mysql # useradd -g mysql -r -s /sbin/nologin mysql # id mysql uid=496(mysql) gid=493(mysql) groups=493(mysql)
2.2下载二进制格式的源码包至本地，解压至/usr/local目录
# tar -xf mysql-5.5.33-linux2.6-i686.tar.gz -C /usr/local/ # cd /usr/local/
2.3 为mysql-5.5.33-linux2.6-i686创建链接方便以后更新
# ln -sv mysql-5.5.33-linux2.6-i686 mysql `mysql‘ -> `mysql-5.5.33-linux2.6-i686‘
2.4改变mysql-5.5.33-linux2.6-i686目录Mysql数据目录下所有文件的属主和属组
# chown -R root:mysql mysql/* # cd mysql # ll # mkdir /data/data 创建Mysql的数据目录 chown -R mysql.mysql /data/data
2.5初始化Mysql的系统库
# scripts/mysql_install_db --datadir=/data/data/ --user=mysql # chown -R mysql ./* 将该目录下的所有文件的属主改变为mysql
2.6为Mysql添加启动脚本
# cp /usr/local/mysql/support-files/mysql.server /etc/rc.d/init.d/mysqld # chkconfig --add mysqld # chkconfig --list mysqld mysqld 0:off 1:off 2:on 3:on 4:on 5:on 6:off
2.7为Mysql提供配置文件并对其进行如下修改
# cp /usr/local/mysql/support-files/my-large.cnf /etc/my.cnf # vim /etc/my.cnf thread_concurrency = 4 修改为cpu核心数的2倍 datadir=/data/data 添加一行为其指定数据目录
2.8 Mysql安装后的后续配置
# ln -sv /usr/local/mysql/include/ /usr/include/mysql
导出头文件
`/usr/include/mysql/include‘ -> `/usr/local/mysql/include/‘
# echo "/usr/local/mysql/lib/">/etc/ld.so.conf.d/mysql.conf
导出库文件
# ldconfig
重读库文件
# ldconfig -p | grep "mysql"
libtcmalloc_minimal.so.0 (libc6) => /usr/local/mysql/lib/libtcmalloc_minimal.so.0
libmysqlclient_r.so.16 (libc6) => /usr/lib/mysql/libmysqlclient_r.so.16
libmysqlclient.so.18 (libc6) => /usr/local/mysql/lib/libmysqlclient.so.18
libmysqlclient.so.16 (libc6) => /usr/lib/mysql/libmysqlclient.so.16
libmysqlclient.so (libc6) => /usr/local/mysql/lib/libmysqlclient.so
# echo ‘/usr/local/mysql/bin:$PATH‘> /etc/profile.d/mysql.sh
导出二进止文件
# echo $PATH
/usr/lib/qt3.3/bin:/usr/local/mysql/bin:/usr/local/sbin:/usr/local/bin:/sbin:/bin:/usr/sbin:/usr/bin:/root/bin
# vim /etc/man.config
MANPATH /usr/local/mysql/man 导出man文档2.9启动Mysql服务
# service mysqld start Starting MySQL [ OK ]
二： 编译安装httpd-2.4.9
httpd-2.4.9依赖你较高版本的apr和apr-util，并且还依赖域pcre-devel开发
编译安装之前首先将apr-1.5.0、apr-util-1.5.3和httpd-2.4.9的源码包下载至本地
1.解决编译安装httpd的依赖关系
# yum install -y prce-devel # yum groupinstall -y "Development Tools" # yum groupinstall -y "Server Platform Development"
2.编译安装apr-1.5.0
# tar xf apr-1.5.0.tar.bz2 # cd apr-1.5.0 # ./configure --prefix=/usr/local/apr # make # make install
3.编译安装apr-util-1.5.3
# tar xf apr-util-1.5.3.tar.bz2 # cd apr-util-1.5.3 # ./configure --prefix=/usr/local/apr-util --with-apr=/usr/local/apr # make # make install
4.编译安装httpd-2.4.9（生产环境根据自己的需要启用所需要的选项）
# tar xf httpd-2.4.9.tar.bz2 # cd httpd-2.4.9 # ./configure --prefix=/usr/local/apache 指定安装目录 --sysconfdir=/etc/httpd 制定配置文件的目录 --enable-so 让apache核心装载DSO，但是不实际编译任何动态模块 --enable-ssl 启用ssl --enable-cgi 启用通用网关接口协议 --enable-rewrite 重写Apache重写功能 --with-zlib zlib库 --with-pcre 启用pcre库 --with-apr=/usr/local/apr 启用apr --with-apr-util=/usr/local/ apr-util 启用apr-util --enables-modules=most 启用httpd常用的模块 --enable-mpms-shared=most 启用常用的mpm模块 --with-mpm=event 指定mpm工作模式为event # make # make install
5.编译安装httpd-2.4.9之后的配置
1提供服务启动脚本# vim /etc/rc.d/init.d/httpd
# with the thread-based "worker" MPM; BE WARNED that some modules may not
# work correctly with a thread-based MPM; notably PHP will refuse to start.
# Path to the apachectl script, server binary, and short-form for messages.
apachectl=/usr/local/apache/bin/apachectl
httpd=${HTTPD-/usr/local/apache/bin/httpd}
prog=httpd
pidfile=${PIDFILE-/var/run/httpd/httpd.pid}
lockfile=${LOCKFILE-/var/lock/subsys/httpd}
RETVAL=0
STOP_TIMEOUT=${STOP_TIMEOUT-10}
# The semantics of these two functions differ from the way apachectl does
# things -- attempting to start while running is a failure, and shutdown
# when not running is also a failure. So we just do it the way init scripts
# are expected to behave here.
start() {
echo -n $"Starting $prog: "
LANG=$HTTPD_LANG daemon --pidfile=${pidfile} $httpd $OPTIONS
RETVAL=$?
echo
[ $RETVAL = 0 ] && touch ${lockfile}
return $RETVAL
}
# When stopping httpd, a delay (of default 10 second) is required
# before SIGKILLing the httpd parent; this gives enough time for the
# httpd parent to SIGKILL any errant children.
stop() {
echo -n $"Stopping $prog: "
killproc -p ${pidfile} -d ${STOP_TIMEOUT} $httpd
RETVAL=$?
echo
[ $RETVAL = 0 ] && rm -f ${lockfile} ${pidfile}
}
reload() {
echo -n $"Reloading $prog: "
if ! LANG=$HTTPD_LANG $httpd $OPTIONS -t >&/dev/null; then
RETVAL=6
echo $"not reloading due to configuration syntax error"
failure $"not reloading $httpd due to configuration syntax error"
else
# Force LSB behaviour from killproc
LSB=1 killproc -p ${pidfile} $httpd -HUP
RETVAL=$?
if [ $RETVAL -eq 7 ]; then
failure $"httpd shutdown"
fi
fi
echo
}
start)
start
;;
stop)
stop
;;
status)
status -p ${pidfile} $httpd
RETVAL=$?
;;
restart)
stop
start
;;
condrestart|try-restart)
if status -p ${pidfile} $httpd >&/dev/null; then
stop
start
fi
;;
force-reload|reload)
reload
;;
graceful|help|configtest|fullstatus)
$apachectl $@
RETVAL=$?
;;
*)
echo $"Usage: $prog {start|stop|restart|condrestart|try-restart|force-reload|reload|status|fullstatus|graceful|help|configtest}"
RETVAL=2
esac
exit $RETVAL
2.为脚本添加可执行权限
/etc/rc.d/init.d/httpd
3.将Apache服务脚本添加服务列表
# chkconfig --add httpd
# chkconfig --list httpd
# chkconfig httpd on
4在/etc/httpd/httpd.conf配置文件中添加一行
PidFile "/var/run/httpd/httpd.pid"
5.导出二进制文件
# echo ‘export PATH=/usr/local/apache/bin:$PATH‘ > /etc/profile.d/httpd.sh
. /etc/profile.d/httpd.sh 6.启动服务
# service httpd start Starting httpd: [ OK ]
7测试Apache服务
三：编译安装php-5.4.26
1.解决依赖关系
# yum -y groupinstall "Desktop Platform Development" # yum -y install libmcrypt-devel # yum -y install zipb2-devel
2.解压至当前目录中，并切换至其目录下
# tar xf php-5.4.26.tar.bz2 # cd php-5.4.26
3.编安装php-5.4.26 （生产环境根据自己的需要启用所需要的选项）
# ./configure --prefix=/usr/local/php 指定安装目录 --with-mysql=/usr/local/mysql 启用安装的目录 --with-openssl 启用openssl --with-mysqli=/usr/local/mysql/bin/mysql_config 启用mysqli，优化支持 --enable-mbstring 启用多字节，支持字符串 --with-freetype-dir 启用对freetype字体库的支持 --with-jpeg-dir 启用对jpeg图片的支持 --with-png-dir 启用对png图片的支持 --with-zlib 启用对压缩库的支持 --with-libxml-dir=/usr 启用libxml2库的支持 --enable-xml 启用xml --enable-sockets 启用对套接字的支持 --with-apxs2=/usr/local/apache/bin/apxs 启用对Apache2.0以上的版本的支持 --with-mcrypt 启用对加密的支持 --with-config-file-path=/etc 指定编译安装时配置文件安装的路径 --with-config-file-scan-dir=/etc/php.d 指定php.ini文件的安装路径 --with-bz2 启用b2压缩 --enable-maintainer-zts 启用对worker和event的支持 # make 编译php # make install 安装php
4.为php提供配置文件
# cp php.ini-production /etc/php.ini
四：使Apache支持php模块
1.编辑配置文件/etc/httpd/httpd.conf
# vim /etc/httpd/httpd.conf
1.定位至AddType添加如下两行
AddType application/x-httpd-php .php
AddType application/x-httpd-php-source .phps
2.定位至DirectoryIndex index.html 修改为：
DirectoryIndex index.php index.html五：重新启动httpd服务进行测试 ，提供测试页，使用 ab命令进行压力测试
# ab -c 1000 -n 100000 http://172.16.19.100
六：安装xcache，为php加速
1.安装xcache
先下载xcache-3.1.0.tar.bz2至本地 # tar xf xcache-3.1.0.tar.bz2 # cd xcache-3.1.0 # /usr/local/php/bin/phpize 生成configure文件 # ./configure --enable-xcache --withphp-config=/usr/local/php/bin/php-config # make #make install 安装结束时会出现类似如下行 Installing shared extensions: /usr/local/php/lib/php/extensions/no-debug-zts-20100525/ 拷贝xcache.so模块的安装路径
2.编辑php.ini文件，整合php和xcache
创建/etc/php.d
# mkdir /etc/php.d
将xcache提供的样例配置文件复制到/etc/php.d/目录下
# cp /xcache-3.1.0/xcache.ini /etc/php.d/
编辑/etc/php.d/xcache.ini，找到zend_extension开头的行，修改为如下行： zend_extension = /usr/local/php/lib/php/extensions/no-debug-zts-20100525/xcache.so 注意：当有多条以extension开头的行时，确保当前添加的行放在所有以extension开头的行最前面
七：提供测试页，使用 ab命令进行压力测试，比较上一次的结果，使用xcache可以提高并发速度3倍左右
# ab -c 1000-n 100000http://172.16.19.100
本文出自 “Linux之旅” 博客，请务必保留此出处http://smallbirdzhou.blog.51cto.com/7120723/1386420
基于模块化编译安装LAMP：httpd 2.4.9 + mysql-5.5.33 + php-5.4.26编译安装,古老的榕树,5-wow.com
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