Newtonsoft.Json 序列化和反序列化 时间格式
from:http://www.cnblogs.com/litian/p/3870975.html
1.JSON序列化
string JsonStr= JsonConvert.SerializeObject(Entity);
eg:
A a=new A(); a.Name="Elain00"; a.Hobby="eat eat"; string jsonStr=JsonConvert.SerializeObject(a);
2.JSON反序列化
string jsonstr = "jsonString";
Class model = JsonConvert.DeserializeObject<Class>(jsonstr);
eg:
string JsonStr=‘"{\‘Name\‘:\‘Elaine00\‘,\‘Hobby\‘:\‘eat eat\‘}"; A a=JsonConvert.DeserializeObject<A>(JsonStr);3.时间格式处理
IsoDateTimeConverter timeFormat = new IsoDateTimeConverter(); timeFormat.DateTimeFormat = "yyyy-MM-dd HH:mm:ss"; Response.Write(JsonConvert.SerializeObject(bll.GetModelList(strWhere), Newtonsoft.Json.Formatting.Indented, timeFormat));
4.扩展方法
public static class NewtonJSONHelper { public static string SerializeObject(this object obj) { return JsonConvert.SerializeObject(obj, Formatting.Indented, new JsonSerializerSettings{ ReferenceLoopHandling = ReferenceLoopHandling.Ignore}); } public static T DeserializeObject<T>(this string data) { return JsonConvert.DeserializeObject<T>(data, new JsonSerializerSettings { ReferenceLoopHandling = ReferenceLoopHandling.Ignore }); } }
5.日期处理
public class LogEntry { public string Details { get; set; } public DateTime LogDate { get; set; } } public void WriteJsonDates() { LogEntry entry = new LogEntry { LogDate = new DateTime(2009, 2, 15, 0, 0, 0, DateTimeKind.Utc), Details = "Application started." }; // default as of Json.NET 4.5 string isoJson = JsonConvert.SerializeObject(entry); // {"Details":"Application started.","LogDate":"2009-02-15T00:00:00Z"} JsonSerializerSettings microsoftDateFormatSettings = new JsonSerializerSettings { DateFormatHandling = DateFormatHandling.Micro
public class LimitPropsContractResolver : DefaultContractResolver { private string[] props = null; public LimitPropsContractResolver(string[] props) { this.props = props; } protected override IList<JsonProperty> CreateProperties(Type type, MemberSerialization memberSerialization) { IList<JsonProperty> list = base.CreateProperties(type, memberSerialization); IsoDateTimeConverter iso = new IsoDateTimeConverter() { DateTimeFormat = "yyyy-MM-dd HH:mm:ss" }; IList<JsonProperty> listWithConver = new List<JsonProperty>(); foreach (var item in list) { if (props.Contains(item.PropertyName)) { if (item.PropertyType.ToString().Contains("System.DateTime")) { item.Converter = iso; } listWithConver.Add(item); } } return listWithConver; } } }
softDateFormat }; string microsoftJson = JsonConvert.SerializeObject(entry, microsoftDateFormatSettings); // {"Details":"Application started.","LogDate":"\/Date(1234656000000)\/"} string javascriptJson = JsonConvert.SerializeObject(entry, new JavaScriptDateTimeConverter()); // {"Details":"Application started.","LogDate":new Date(1234656000000)} }
2.JSON反序列化 string jsonstr = "jsonString"; Class model = JsonConvert.DeserializeObject<Class>(jsonstr); eg: string JsonStr=‘"{\‘Name\‘:\‘Elaine00\‘,\‘Hobby\‘:\‘eat eat\‘}"; A a=JsonConvert.DeserializeObject<A>(JsonStr);
一般是对于值类型的处理,通过设置jSetting.DefaultValueHandling的值来确定,该值为枚举类型.
DefaultValueHandling.Ignore | 序列化和反序列化时,忽略默认值 |
DefaultValueHandling.Include | 序列化和反序列化时,包含默认值 |
给成员设置默任值,用到"DefaultValue(value)"特性,当然别忘了引入命名空间"System.ComponentModel",假设员工的年龄默认值为30
[DefaultValue(30)] public int Age { get; set; }序列化时我想忽略为默认值的成员
Staff jack = new Staff { Name = "Jack", Age = 30, Gender = "Male", DepartmentName = "Personnel Department", Leader = null }; var jSetting = new JsonSerializerSettings(); jSetting.DefaultValueHandling = DefaultValueHandling.Ignore; string json = JsonConvert.SerializeObject(jack,jSetting); Console.WriteLine(json);结果:
首先介绍Json.Net序列化的模式:OptOut 和 OptIn.
| OptOut | 默认值,类中所有公有成员会被序列化,如果不想被序列化,可以用特性JsonIgnore |
| OptIn | 默认情况下,所有的成员不会被序列化,类中的成员只有标有特性JsonProperty的才会被序列化,当类的成员很多,但客户端仅仅需要一部分数据时,很有用 |
假如客户仅仅需要员工的姓名,此时
[JsonObject(Newtonsoft.Json.MemberSerialization.OptIn)] public class Staff { [JsonProperty] public string Name { get; set; } public int Age { get; set; } public string Gender { get; set; } public string DepartmentName { get; set; } public Staff Leader { get; set; } }序列化:
Staff jack = new Staff { Name = "Jack", Age = 30, Gender = "Male", DepartmentName = "Personnel Department", Leader = null }; string json = JsonConvert.SerializeObject(jack);结果:
如果客户不想要员工的领导信息
public class Staff { public string Name { get; set; } public int Age { get; set; } public string Gender { get; set; } public string DepartmentName { get; set; } [JsonIgnore] public Staff Leader { get; set; } }序列化:
Staff tom = new Staff { Name = "Tome", Age = 42, Gender = "Male", DepartmentName = "Personnel Department"}; Staff jack = new Staff { Name = "Jack", Age = 30, Gender = "Male", DepartmentName = "Personnel Department", Leader = tom }; string json = JsonConvert.SerializeObject(jack); Console.WriteLine(json);结果:
Json.Net序列化对象时,默认情况下仅仅序列化公有成员,如果想要非公有成员也被序列化,就要在该成员上加特性"JsonProperty"
JsonConverters会在序列化和反序列化时被用到。JsonConverters允许手动对Json的控制。当Json的结构很复杂和你想改变一个类型怎么样被序列化时，这是非常有用的。当一个JsonConverters被添加到JsonSerializer时，它会检查每一要被序列化和反序列化的值，并返回CanConvert，如果为True,则JsonConverter读和写这个值；需要注意的是，虽然JsonConverter能够使你可以完全的控制Json的值，但是很多的Json.Net序列化的特性被限制，像是类型名称和引用处理。所有的JsonConvert都在命名空间 "Newtonsoft.Json.Converters"下
这是Json.Net中自带的两个处理日期的类,默认是IsoDateTimeConverter ,它的格式是"yyyy‘-‘MM‘-‘dd‘T‘HH‘:‘mm‘:‘ss.FFFFFFFK".另一个是JavaScriptTimeConverter,它的格式是 "new Date(ticks)",其实返回的是一个JavaScript的Date对象.
有两种方式来应用JsonConverter,改变Json序列化和反序列化的行为.
假设我们为员工添加两个日期类型的成员,出生日期和入职日期
public class Staff { public string Name { get; set; } public int Age { get; set; } public string Gender { get; set; } public string DepartmentName { get; set; } public Staff Leader { get; set; } public DateTime BirthDate { get; set; } public DateTime EmploymentDate { get; set; } }我们的客户要求日期类型的成员返回javascript的日期对象
Staff jack = new Staff { Name = "Jack", Age = 30, Gender = "Male", DepartmentName = "Personnel Department", BirthDate = new DateTime(1982,2,12), EmploymentDate = new DateTime(2010,12,12) }; string json = JsonConvert.SerializeObject(jack,new JavaScriptDateTimeConverter()); Console.WriteLine(json);结果:
现在我们的客户要求出生日期以"ISO"标准日期格式返回,入职日期以Javascript的Date对象格式返回,修改我们的员工类
public class Staff { public string Name { get; set; } public int Age { get; set; } public string Gender { get; set; } public string DepartmentName { get; set; } public Staff Leader { get; set; } [JsonConverter(typeof(IsoDateTimeConverter))] public DateTime BirthDate { get; set; } [JsonConverter(typeof(JavaScriptDateTimeConverter))] public DateTime EmploymentDate { get; set; } }是的,通过特性"JsonConverter"来实现差异化的
序列化:
Staff jack = new Staff { Name = "Jack", Age = 30, Gender = "Male", DepartmentName = "Personnel Department", BirthDate = new DateTime(1982,2,12), EmploymentDate = new DateTime(2010,12,12) }; string json = JsonConvert.SerializeObject(jack); Console.WriteLine(json);结果:
客户现在提出要求,希望得到的日期格式是符合中国人习惯的格式.要求返回的格式是"2012年4月20日".挑战来了,没有挑战就没有进步,我喜欢挑战.光说是没有用的!先分析一下怎么解决这个问题.我考虑了两种思路.
思路一:
研究了一下上面两个日期处理类,发现他们都是继承了基类"DateTimeConverterBase",所以我们可以参考"IsoDatetimeConverter"的实现方式,自己新建一个处理日期格式的转换器类.这种方式的缺点是可能要花大量的时间去研究,比较费时费力.优点就是可以对日期格式随心所欲的控制.
思路二:
我又研究了一下"IsoDatetimeConverter",发现它的日期格式其实是由于内部DefaultDateTimeFormat = "yyyy‘-‘MM‘-‘dd‘T‘HH‘:‘mm‘:‘ss.FFFFFFFK"导致,而它也提供了修改日期样式的属性"DateTimeFormat",只要我们按照这种格式来写就OK了.
Staff jack = new Staff { Name = "Jack", Age = 30, Gender = "Male", DepartmentName = "Personnel Department", BirthDate = new DateTime(1982,2,12), EmploymentDate = new DateTime(2010,12,12) }; IsoDateTimeConverter dtConverter = new IsoDateTimeConverter { DateTimeFormat = "yyyy‘年‘MM‘月‘dd‘日‘" }; string json = JsonConvert.SerializeObject(jack,dtConverter); Console.WriteLine(json);结果:
public class Person { public int Id { get; set; } public string Name { get; set; } }默认序列化的结果为: {"Id":1,"Name":"杨过"},如果不想用默认的字段名称，可以使用如下方式：
public class Person { [JsonProperty(PropertyName = "PersonId")] public int Id { get; set; } [JsonProperty(PropertyName = "PersonName")] public string Name { get; set; } }这样序列化的结果为：{"PersonId":1,"PersonName":"杨过"}
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