The vast power system is the most complicated man-made system and the greatest engineering innovation in the 20th century. The following diagram shows a typical 14 bus power system. In real world, the power system may contains hundreds of buses and thousands of transmission lines.

Network topology analysis had long been a hot topic in the research of power system. And network density is one key index representing the robustness of power system. And you are asked to implement a procedure to calculate the network density of power system.

The network density is defined as the ratio between number of transmission lines and the number of buses. Please note that if two or more transmission lines connecting the same pair of buses, only one would be counted in the topology analysis.

Input

The first line contains a single integer T (T ≤ 1000), indicating there are T cases in total.

Each case begins with two integers N and M (2 ≤ N, M ≤ 500) in the first line, representing the number of buses and the number of transmission lines in the power system. Each Bus would be numbered from 1 to N.

The second line contains the list of start bus number of the transmission lines, separated by spaces.

The third line contains the list of corresponding end bus number of the transmission lines, separated by spaces. The end bus number of the transmission lines would not be the same as the start bus number.

Output

Output the network density of the power system in a single line, as defined in above. The answer should round to 3 digits after decimal point.

Sample Input

3
3 2
1 2
2 3
2 2
1 2
2 1
14 20
2 5 3 4 5 4 5 7 9 6 11 12 13 8 9 10 14 11 13 13
1 1 2 2 2 3 4 4 4 5 6 6 6 7 7 9 9 10 12 14

Sample Output

0.667
0.500
1.429

Author: WANG, Yelei
Contest: The 10th Zhejiang Provincial Collegiate Programming Contest

找两点的连成的线段的数目与点的比，1->2   2->1视为同一条线段

 1 #include<cstdio>
 2 #include<cstring>
 3 #include<stdlib.h>
 4 #include<algorithm>
 5 using namespace std;
 6 const int MAXN=1000;
 7 int s[MAXN][MAXN],star[MAXN],en[MAXN];
 8 int main()
 9 {
10     //freopen("in.txt","r",stdin);
11     int kase,n,m;
12     scanf("%d",&kase);
13     while(kase--)
14     {
15         memset(s,0,sizeof(s));
16         scanf("%d %d",&n,&m);
17         for(int i=0;i<m;i++)
18             scanf("%d",&star[i]);
19         for(int i=0;i<m;i++)
20             scanf("%d",&en[i]);
21         double cnt=0;
22         for(int i=0;i<m;i++)
23         {
24             if(!s[star[i]][en[i]])
25                 cnt++;
26             s[star[i]][en[i]]=s[en[i]][star[i]]=1;
27         }
28         printf("%.3lf\n",(double)cnt/n);
29     }
30     return 0;
31 }

View Code

ZOJ 3708 Density of Power Network (水题),古老的榕树,5-wow.com